Hello, readers welcome to new post. here we will cover the Difference Between Star and Delta Connection. In an electrical power system, there are two main types of connections used for the transmission of power. The first one is star and second one is delta connection each has their own advantages
In this post, we will discuss the basic differences between these two connections. So let get started Difference Between Star and Delta Connection.
Difference Between Star and Delta Connection
What is Star Connection
- In the start configuration, all windings have common point at the neutral end. Its structure is like a star and has a neutral wire.
- It helps to protect the overvoltages. In this configuration phase volts is 3 times less than the given volts
- In case of secondary windings can two volts be provided that are lies among the ends of connections and phase volts among the one phase wire and neutral
- This connection uses less copers which makes it less expensive.
- The configuration of primary and secondary windings to the star in curves is the same to linear current.
- This connection consists of four wires three-phase and one neutral
- It is also called Wye.
- Two main types of star connection are four-wire three-phase systems and a three-wire three-phase system
- Its three wires are phases and one is neutral that is a common of three phases
- In this configuration, one point of 3 wires is attached to the mutual to make the Y structure
- A common connection in this structure is known as a star point or neutral
- The values of phase and line volts are not the same line volts er volts are between two phases and phase volts are between phase and neutral.
- Line volts is VL = √3 VP VL is line volts and VP phase volts
- In star configuration, only 2 voltages can be used such as VL and VP. For instance, 230/400 means that VL is four hundred volts and 230 is VP.
- The equation for power calculation in star connection is P = 3 x VP x IP x Cos(Φ) or P = √3 x VL x IL x Cos(Φ)
- As the value of line volts and phase, volts is not the same so insulation needed for every phase is less in this connection
- This system is used for power transmission and distribution system
- Due to the use of less insulating can be used for long-distance power distribution
- Common applications are where less current at the start is needed
What is Delta Connection
- Delta is a three-wire connection system.
- It has a three-wire phase system.
- All wires in this system are configured in the delta system.
- Each wire in its system is connected to a neighboring wire to make a triangle-like structure, and the common point of these 3 wires makes three phases.
- This system does not have any neutral points.
- VL= VP
- It has a single value for volts.
- The line current is not the same as the phase current. IL = √3 IP.
- The equation for measuring the power for this system is P = 3 x VP x IP x Cos(Φ) or P = √3 x VL x IL x Cos(Φ).
- It needed more insulation for phases due to the same value of phase and line volts.
- It is used in distribution systems and for small distances.
- It is used for devices where high torque is needed.
STAR Connection (Y) vs. Delta Connection (Δ)
STAR Connection
- In this type of connection, the starting or ending points of 3 windings are connected to make a neutral point, like a Y-letter design. Common wires taken from the neutral point are called neutral wires.
- It has a neutral wire called a star point.
- It has 4 conductors in a star connection, 3 phases, and one neutral wire.
- A 3-phase wire system is taken from star connections.
- The equation for finding net power provided by 3 phases is P = √3 × V × I.
- Motors connected in this connection have slow rotating speed since they get 1/√3 voltage.
- These connection motors provide work without overheating or smoothing the starting power.
- In this connection, line current is equal to phase current, which means IL = IPH.
- Line voltages are √3 times phase voltage. VL = √3 × VPH
- Phase voltage is less than 1/√3 of the line voltage. As a result, it saves copper since it uses fewer turns.
- Due to the low value of phase voltage needed, less insulation is needed than Delta.
- For longer-distance transmission, a star connection is used since it has low insulation, and neutral wire helps to balance the circuit.
- This connection provides single- or 3-phase connections.
DELTA Connection
- In this connection, opposite points of 3 windings are connected to make the Greek alphabet “Δ”-like shape. In this configuration, the endpoint of the wires is connected with the starting point of the other winding.
- It does not have a neutral point.
- It has 3 wires or conductors that are phase-not-neutral.
- This connection type provides a 3-phase wire system.
- Its line current is √3 times the phase current. IL =√3 × IPH
- Line voltage is equal to phase voltage VL = VPHT.
- This equation is used for measuring the value of power in the delta connection. P = 3 × V × I
- Motors with this connection have high speed since every phase has a net value of line voltage.
- Motors get high power output values.
- In this connection, phase voltage is equal to line voltage, so it uses more turns and makes it expensive.
- Phase voltage is equal to line voltage; there is a need for high insulation.
- This connection is used for small-distance power transmission, uses more insulation, and faces unbalancing current problems since it does not have neutral wires.
What is the purpose of using Star Delta Connection?
- Star delta starters are devices that are used for reducing the current needed for motors to start. It is used for starting 3-phase induction motors and is only used when starting motors without load and when needed with low starting current.
Which has more current star or delta connection?
- Since the line current of the delta connection is larger as compared to the star connection. The line voltage is the same and the load is the is the same, so motor torque is according to current drawn. High current provides high torque, and low current has low torque.
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That is all about the Difference Between Star and Delta Connection all details has been explained. If you have any further query ask in the comments. Thanks for reading
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