Hello, friends welcome to another interesting post. In today’s post, we will have a detailed look at the Introduction to STM32 Microcontroller. This type of microcontroller belongs to the thirty-two-bit microcontroller ICs created by STMicroelectronics (which is a French Italian multinational electronic producer whose head office is located in Geneva). The most commonly used series of STM32 are Cortex-M7F, cortex-M33F, CortxM3, etc all these have the same thirty-two-bit ARM processor core.
In the interior structure of these microcontroller processor cores, static RAM and flash memory are assembled with some other devices. In today’s post, we will have a detailed look at its working applications, pinouts, and some other related parameters. So let’s get started with Introduction to STM32 Microcontroller.
Introduction to STM32 Microcontroller
- The STM32 is a very common type of microcontroller used in numerous types of devices. It also provides facilities for linking with other types of microcontrollers.
- The STM32 series of MCUS which was created by STMicroelectronics consists of an ARM Cortex-M thirty-two-bit processor core.
- In this microcontroller series and parallel communication system exit through which numerous external devices such as cameras, sensors, motors, etc can be connected.
- Every STM32 MCU also consists of inner flash memory and random access memory.
- The operation range offered by the STM32 is a little bit costly. There are subseries of STM32 like STM32F0 and STM32f1 which operate with the clock signal of having a frequency of twenty-four megahertz and exits in a casing having sixteen pinouts.
- Another category of STM32 series is STM32H7 which works at the four hundred megahertz frequency and exits in a casing having two forty pinouts.
- There are some types of STM32 exits which used are exist with the floating-point unit or FPU and are used in high-level numerical processing applications.
- These modern categories of MCUs have some features of microprocessors with the microcontrollers.
- For such applications that operate on less power or are portable devices, the STM32L series is created.
Features of STM32
- These are some features of STM32 which are described here in detail.
- In this module flash memory, up to one megabyte is used.
- An OTP of five hundred and twelve is used in this module.
- Static random access memory of one twenty-eight byte is used in these modules.
- To provide support to the flash memory static RAM PSRAM flexible static memory controller is used.
- Its operating voltage is from 1.8 volts to 3.6 volts.
- The crystal oscillator of four to twenty-six megahertz is used in this module.
- It has an inner sixteen megahertz factory-trimmed RC.
- It uses a thirty-two-kilo hertz oscillator for RTC (Real-Time Clock).
- It has an inner thirty-two kilohertz RC after calibration.
- The modes which it has are sleep stop and standby modes.
- The battery is used to provide back to the RTC, 20 by 32 backup registers, and four kilobytes of static ram.
- This module consists of 3 by 12-bit o. 5-microsecond analog to digital converter having twenty-four channels.
- It consists of 12 sixteen-bit and 2 thirty-bit timers.
- It comprises of one thirty-six inputs and outputs having a frequency of sixty hertz.
- It has one thirty-eight input and outputs operating at five volts
- This module consists of 3 I2c interfacings.
- It has 4 USART and 2 UART and 3 SPI.
Difference between STM32 microcontroller and 51 microcontroller
- 51 microcontroller is used collective name for all controllers that support the ntel8031 instruction system.
- The older modules controller series is Intel’s 8031 microcontroller, with advancements in flash ROM technology, The 8031 Single-chip controller is made with the latest features and mostly uses 8bit One of the single-chip microcomputers, with equivalent mode isAT89 series of ATMEL company.
- STM32 microcontroller is a 32-bit series controller made by St with the use of cortex -M3 of arms company as the core. its inner design like registers and peripheral functions are higher than 8051, AVR and PIC.
- It is close to the CPU of a computer and is best for mobile phones, routers,
Disadvantages of 51 MCU
- Some functions like AD and EEPROM needed expansion that caused overburden for hardware and software.
- Though input and output pins can easily be used but not have output support for high levels, which is a drawback of 51 series single-chip microcomputer.
- Working speed, especially double data pointer is slow. So needed improvement for good working.
- its protection feature is also not good and can burn the chip.
stm32 vs esp32
Spec | ESP32 | STM32 |
Advantages |
||
Applicable Fields | Best for IoT and cost-effectiveness solutions | it is best to use industries |
Cost | The overall cost is low | Prices Increasing |
Arduino Environment Support | Easy to program and open sorucefeatuers | it is a little bit difficult to program |
Built-in Bluetooth and Wi-Fi | Bluetooth and Wi-Fi built-in feature | – |
Dual-core Processor | Compatible with real-time multi-threaded processing | – |
High-speed Main Frequency | Frequency speed is 240MHz | – |
Hardware Debugging | it can easily debug | Debugging cost is high |
Disadvantages |
||
Limited Number of Pins | it has fewer pinouts so not used for projects where larger pins needed | |
Complex Debugging Tool Chain | Complex | – |
Compilation Process | slower compilation speed | Effective but high-cost |
Debugging Complexity | difficult debugging and software breakpoint limitations | Simpler debugging but costly |
burning and compiling is good |
STM32 Microcontroller PINOUT
- The main pinouts of the STM32 microcontroller are described here with detail.
CN6
- It is a power supply pinout at this pinout 3.3 volts are provided.
RESET PIN
- This pinout is used to reset the microcontroller.
+3.3 volts pin
- From this pinout, 3.3 volts are taken out as output and used to provide power microcontroller.
+5 volt
- It is a five-volt output pinout.
GND
- It is ground pinout.
CN5
- it is a combination of pinouts D8 to D15 these are digital pinouts and used for SPI.
D13, D12. D11 and D10 Pinouts
- These pinouts operate as serial clocks, master in slave out, master out slave in, and SC pinouts for SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) transmission.
CN9
- These are digital pinouts and are comprised of D0 to D7 pins.
D0 and D1
- These 2 pinouts operate as receivers and transmitters for USART (Universal Synchronous Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter) transmission.
CN7
- These are digital port C pinouts and comprise of PC0, PC1, PC2, PC3, PC10, PC11, PC12, PC13, PC14, PC15.
PD2
- It is port D input-output pinouts.
PA0, PA1, PA4, PA13, PA14, PA15 pinouts
- These are pinouts of port A.
PB7, PB8, and PB9
- These are pinouts of port B.
PH0 and PH1
- These are pinouts of port H.
Applications of STM32 Microcontroller
- These are some common applications of STM32.
- It is used in less power using handheld devices.
- It is used in different types of robots.
- It uses an automation system.
STM32: Equivalents/Alternatives
- GD32 Series
- Nuvoton (NuMicro) Series
- Microchip PIC32 Series
- Silicon Labs EFM32 Series
- Texas Instruments MSP430 Series
What are the special features of STM32?
- Robust Architecture.
- Scalability:
- Rich Peripheral Set:
- Real-Time Capabilities:
- Energy Efficiency:
- Comprehensive Development Ecosystem:
- Security Features:
- Long-Term Availability:
Which software is used for STM32?
- STM32CubeProgrammer (STM32CubeProg) best multi-OS software tool for programming STM32 products.
How to use STM32?
- Make new projects in STM32CubeIDE.
- in the Target Selection Tool, choose the best microcontroller or Evaluation Board.
- Assign the project a name.
- in the Device Configuration Tool start all the necessary peripherals.
- Make project.
- complete this project with code.
So that is a detailed post about STM32 if you have any further queries ask in the comments, Thanks for reading. Have a good day.