Hello, friends welcome to another interesting post. In today’s post, we will have a detailed look at the Introduction to STM32 Microcontroller. This type of microcontroller belongs to the thirty-two-bit microcontroller ICs created by STMicroelectronics (which is a French Italian multinational electronic producer whose head office is located in Geneva). The most commonly used series of STM32 are Cortex-M7F, cortex-M33F, CortxM3, etc all these have the same thirty-two-bit ARM processor core.
In the interior structure of these microcontroller processor cores, static RAM and flash memory are assembled with some other devices. In today’s post, we will have a detailed look at its working applications, pinouts, and some other related parameters. So let’s get started with Introduction to STM32 Microcontroller.
Introduction to STM32 Microcontroller
- The STM32 is a very common type of microcontroller used in numerous types of devices. It also provides facilities for linking with other types of microcontrollers.
- The STM32 series of MCUS which was created by STMicroelectronics consists of an ARM Cortex-M thirty-two-bit processor core.
- In this microcontroller series and parallel communication system exit through which numerous external devices such as cameras, sensors, motors, etc can be connected.
- Every STM32 MCU also consists of inner flash memory and random access memory.
- The operation range offered by the STM32 is a little bit costly. There are subseries of STM32 like STM32F0 and STM32f1 which operate with the clock signal of having a frequency twenty-four megahertz and exits in a casing having sixteen pinouts.
- Another category of STM32 series is STM32H7 which works at the four hundred megahertz frequency and exits in a casing having two forty pinouts.
- There are some types of STM32 exits which used are exists with the floating-point unit or FPU and are used in high-level numerical processing applications.
- These modern categories of MCU have some features of microprocessors with the microcontroller.
- For such applications that operate on less power or are portable devices, STM32L series is created.
Features of STM32
- These are some features of STM32 which are described here in detail.
- In this module flash memory, up to one megabyte is used.
- An OTP of five hundred and twelve is used in this module.
- Static random access memory of one twenty-eight byte is used in these modules.
- To provide support to the flash memory static RAM PSRAM flexible static memory controller is used.
- Its operating voltage is from 1.8 volts to 3.6 volts.
- The crystal oscillator of four to twenty-six megahertz is used in this module.
- It has an inner sixteen megahertz factory-trimmed RC.
- It uses a thirty-two-kilo hertz oscillator for RTC (Real-Time Clock).
- It has an inner thirty-two kilohertz RC after calibration.
- The modes which it has are sleep stop and standby modes.
- The battery is used to provide back to the RTC, 20 by 32 backup registers, and four kilobytes of static ram.
- This module consists of 3 by 12-bit o. 5-microsecond analog to digital converter having twenty-four channels.
- It consists of 12 sixteen-bit and 2 thirty bits timers.
- It comprises of one thirty-six inputs and outputs having a frequency of sixty hertz.
- It has one thirty-eight input and outputs operating at five volts
- This module consists of 3 I2c interfacings.
- It has 4 USART and 2 UART and 3 SPI.
| Feature | Description |
|---|---|
| Architecture | ARM Cortex-M |
| Clock speed | 480 megahertz |
| Flash memory | two megabyte |
| Random access memory unit | 256 Kilobyte |
| Peripherals connections | USB, DAC Ethernet,, LCD, ADC CAN, and some others |
| Power uses | it uses low to medium-level power |
| prices | vary on the bases of functions |
| Programming language | C or C++ can be used |
| Development instruments | ST-Link, and CubeMX, |
Difference between STM32 microcontroller and 51 microcontroller
| Aspect | STM32 Microcontrollers | 8051 Microcontrollers |
|---|---|---|
| Architecture | ARM Cortex-M-based architecture | 8-bit Harvard architecture |
| Clock Speed | 16MHz to 480 megahertz | 12MHz to 33MHz) |
| Memory | Flash and RAM | Flash and RAM units |
| Performance | Higher processing power | restricted processing power |
| Instruction Set | ARM Thumb-2 | 8051 instructions |
| Development Tools | IDE commonly used | less tools used for it |
| Peripherals | (ADC, USB, | Timers, I/O port UART, |
| Power uses | low-power modes | low-power modes |
| Connectivity | it supported CAN, SPI, I2C, | UART |
| Applications | High-processing power projects | embedded systems |
stm32 vs esp32
| Feature | STM32 | ESP32 |
|---|---|---|
| Architecture | ARM Cortex-M | Tensilica LX6 |
| Clock speed | 480 Megahertz | 240 Megahertz |
| Flash memory | 2 Megabyte | 16 Megabyte |
| RAM | 256 Kilobyte | 520 Kilobyte |
| Peripherals | USB, ADC, DAC Ethernet, CAN, LCD, , | WiFi, BLE, I2S, Bluetooth, SPI, I2C,. |
| Power uses | vary | Low |
| prices | vary | Low to medium |
| Programming language | C or C++ | Arduino C C++, MicroPython, |
| Development tools | CubeMX, with ST-Link, | Arduino IDE, Espressif ESP-IDF, ` |
STM32 Microcontroller PINOUT
- The main pinouts of the STM32 microcontroller are described here with detail.
CN6
- It is a power supply pinout at this pinout 3.3 volts are provided.
RESET PIN
- This pinout is used to reset the microcontroller.
+3.3 volts pin
- From this pinout, 3.3 volts are taken out as output and used to provide power microcontroller.
+5 volt
- It is a five-volt output pinout.
GND
- It is ground pinout.
CN5
- it is a combination of pinouts D8 to D15 these are digital pinouts and used for SPI.
D13, D12. D11 and D10 Pinouts
- These pinouts operate as serial clocks, master in slave out, master out slave in, and SC pinouts for SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) transmission.
CN9
- These are digital pinouts and are comprised of D0 to D7 pins.
D0 and D1
- These 2 pinouts operate as receivers and transmitters for USART (Universal Synchronous Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter) transmission.
CN7
- These are digital port C pinouts and comprise of PC0, PC1, PC2, PC3, PC10, PC11, PC12, PC13, PC14, PC15.
PD2
- It is port D input-output pinouts.
PA0, PA1, PA4, PA13, PA14, PA15 pinouts
- These are pinouts of port A.
PB7, PB8, and PB9
- These are pinouts of port B.
PH0 and PH1
- These are pinouts of port H.
| Pin Number | Pin Name | Function | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | VDD | Power | it used to provide a positive supply |
| 2 | GND | Ground | Ground connection |
| 3 | PA0 | GPIO | It is a general purpose input and output pinout |
| 4 | PA1 | USART1_TX | it data transmission pin for UART |
| 5 | PA2 | USART1_RX | Data receiving pinout for |
| 6 | PB0 | I2C1_SCL | I2C1 clock signal pinout |
| 7 | PB1 | I2C1_SDA | data single pinout for 12C1 |
| 8 | PC13 | Button | Used as a user input button |
| 9 | PC14 | GPIO | General-purpose input and output |
| 10 | PC15 | GPIO | General-purpose Input and output |
| … | … | … | … |
Applications of STM32 Microcontroller
- These are some common applications of STM32.
- It is used in less power using handheld devices.
- It is used in different types of robots.
- It uses an automation system.
stm32 programming
- ST-Link debugger: The ST-Link debugger is a hardware device used for the connection of the STM32 microcontroller with the computer. STM32 controller can be programmed with the use of STM32CubeIDE,
- CubeMX graphical configurator: it is a software-based configure peripherals with STM32 microcontroller.
- online compiler: Different online compilers exist that are used to program this controller
Faqs
Where are STM32 microcontrollers used?
STM32 microcontrollers are used in different industries.
- Automotive: it is used in cars and other automobiles in different devices such as engine control, power steering, and braking systems.
- Industrial automation: it is also part of industrial automation like robotics, machine control, and process control.
- Consumer electronics: Mobile tablets and smartphones uses these devices
- Healthcare: medical devices, wearables, and point-of-care diagnostics use these modules
Why is STM32 better than Arduino?
- Performance: STM32 is a powerful component that Arduino has high speed and a larger memory unit than arduino
- Features: it can support the large peripherals and communication protocols than Arduino
- Development tools: STM32 has development tools and libraries that Arduino large in number so can be easily programmed
What is the difference between microcontroller and STM32?
A microcontroller is a small size computer that is embedded in a larger system. STM32 is a 32-bit microcontroller group that is made by STMicroelectronics.
Main difference between a microcontroller and an STM32 is that STM32 are based on the ARM Cortex-M processor architecture
What is the STM32 microcontroller used for?
STM32 microcontrollers can be used for different applications like
- Embedded systems: It is used for embedded systems, like industrial automation, consumer electronics, and healthcare.
- Robotics: it is also part of robotics applications, drones, autonomous vehicles, and industrial robots.
- Internet of Things: it is used in different IoT projects smart home devices, wearables devices, and sensors used for industries
So that is a detailed post about STM32 if you have any further queries ask in the comments, Thanks for reading. Have a good day.
