Hello, readers welcome to a new post. Here we will discuss Introduction to ATMega2560 Microcontroller. ATMega2560 belongs to the Atmel family and eight-bit less power usage microcontroller that exist in the Arduino Mega board. Its architecture is eight-bit AVR RISC. it also has 256-kilobyte memory with 4JB EEPROM and eight KB static ram.
Different modules such as timers, counters, PWM comparator, and ADC are configured on the board. Operating volts five volts with 16 megahertz frequency it has. In this post, we will cover the different parameters of this controller in detail. So let’s get started
Introduction to ATMega2560 Microcontroller
- The Atmega2560 controller is a less power consumer CMOS eight-bit controller corporate with an AVR RISC structure.
- By applying the high-level commands with one clock cycle this module can get throughputs by getting one MIPS in one MHz permitting engineers to make the power used over the processing speed.
- It is created with the use of non-volatile Atmel high-density memory.
- It is a less expensive and flexible board due to the combination of RISC with flash memory.
- It compatible with different programs such as C compilers, macro assemblers, evaluation kits simulators and debuggers.
ATMega2560 Microcontroller Features
- It is a less power-consuming AVR eight-bit controller
- Based on RISC Articture
- It has 32 by 8 GP registers
- Its operation is static
- It has two-cycle multipliers
- It comes with non-volatile memory
- has EEPROM of 4KB
- It has SRAM of 8 kB
- Also has the read-write operation
- It also has 54/86 input and outputs
- The operating temperature is 40 to 85 centigrade
| Feature | Description |
|---|---|
| Microcontroller | ATMega2560 |
| Architecture | 8-bit AVR |
| CPU Speed | 16 MHz |
| Flash Memory | 256 KB |
| SRAM | 8 KB |
| EEPROM | 4 KB |
| Input Voltage | 7-12V (Recommended), 6-20V (Absolute Maximum) |
| Digital I/O Pins | 54 (of which 15 provide PWM output) |
| Analog Input Pins | 16 |
| UART | 4 |
| SPI | 1 |
| I2C | 1 |
| ADC Resolution | 10-bit |
| Operating Voltage | 5V |
| Operating Current | 20mA |
| Power Consumption | 100mA |
| Package | 100-pin TQFP |
| Clock Source | External Crystal or Ceramic Resonator |
| Operating Temperature | -40°C to 85°C |
ATMega2560 Pinout
- ATMega2560 Pinout are discuss here
- 10, 31, 61 and 80 are Vcc pins get supplied to the board
- 11, 32, 62, 81,99 are ground pins used as reference ground
- 98 is Aref used for ADC supply
- 100 is AVcc used for analog devices to get power
- 33, 34 XTAL is a crystal oscillator pinout
- 30 is the reset pin
- 2 to 9 denoted as PEO-PE7 is a general pinout and belongs to Port E
- 12 to 18 and 27 pins belong to port H
- 19 to 26 pins are of Port B pins
- 28, 29, and 51, 52, 70are Port G pins
- 35 to 42 pins are of Port L pins
- 43 to 50 port D pins
- 53 to 60 are port C pins
- 43 to 69, 79 port J pins
- 71 to 78 are Port A pins
- 82 to89 are port K pins
- 90 to 97 are port F pins
| Pin Number | Pin Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | PA0 | General-purpose digital input/output pin. |
| 2 | PA1 | General-purpose digital input/output pin. |
| 3 | PA2 | General-purpose digital input/output pin. |
| 4 | PA3 | General-purpose digital input/output pin. |
| 5 | PA4 | General-purpose digital input/output pin. |
| 6 | PA5 | General-purpose digital input/output pin. |
| 7 | PA6 | General-purpose digital input/output pin. |
| 8 | PA7 | General-purpose digital input/output pin. |
| 9 | AVCC | Analog power supply voltage for the ADC. |
| 10 | GND | Ground reference. |
| 11 | ADC6 | Analog input channel 6 of the ADC. |
| 12 | ADC7 | Analog input channel 7 of the ADC. |
| 13 | PC0 | General-purpose digital input/output pin. |
| 14 | PC1 | General-purpose digital input/output pin. |
| 15 | PC2 | General-purpose digital input/output pin. |
| 16 | PC3 | General-purpose digital input/output pin. |
| 17 | PC4 | General-purpose digital input/output pin. |
| 18 | PC5 | General-purpose digital input/output pin. |
| 19 | PC6 | General-purpose digital input/output pin. |
| 20 | PC7 | General-purpose digital input/output pin. |
| 21 | VCC | Digital power supply voltage. |
| 22 | GND | Ground reference. |
| 23 | ADC0 | Analog input channel 0 of the ADC. |
| 24 | ADC1 | Analog input channel 1 of the ADC. |
| 25 | ADC2 | Analog input channel 2 of the ADC. |
| 26 | ADC3 | Analog input channel 3 of the ADC. |
| 27 | ADC4 | Analog input channel 4 of the ADC. |
| 28 | ADC5 | Analog input channel 5 of the ADC. |
| 29 | AREF | Analog reference voltage for the ADC. |
| 30 | GND | Ground reference. |
| 31 | PE0 | General-purpose digital input/output pin. |
| 32 | PE1 | General-purpose digital input/output pin. |
| 33 | PE2 | General-purpose digital input/output pin. |
| 34 | PE3 | General-purpose digital input/output pin. |
| 35 | PE4 | General-purpose digital input/output pin. |
| 36 | PE5 | General-purpose digital input/output pin. |
| 37 | PE6 | General-purpose digital input/output pin. |
| 38 | PE7 | General-purpose digital input/output pin. |
| 39 | RESET | Reset input. |
| 40 | VCC | Digital power supply voltage. |
| 41 | GND | Ground reference. |
| 42 | XTAL2 | Crystal oscillator input. |
Programming the ATMega2560
Due to the abundance of development tools and software, programming the ATMega2560 is simple. Using well-known Integrated Development Environments (IDEs) like Atmel Studio or the Arduino IDE, the microcontroller may be programmed in C or C++. These IDEs make it easier to write, compile, and upload code to the ATMega2560 by offering an intuitive user interface, a robust collection of libraries, and thorough documentation.
Hardware Overview
A vital piece of hardware that is used in several embedded systems and electrical applications is the ATMega2560 microcontroller. It offers a strong basis for creating a broad variety of applications thanks to its sophisticated features and capabilities. Let’s examine the ATMega2560’s hardware overview in more detail.
Microcontroller: An 8-bit microcontroller built on the AVR architecture is called the ATMega2560. Performance for a range of applications is dependable and efficient thanks to this design.
Clock Speed: The microcontroller’s clock frequency is 16 MHz, enabling quick and rapid instruction execution.
Memory: The ATMega2560 provides a sizable amount of memory for storing variables, program code, and other data. The software code is stored in the 256 KB of Flash memory that it possesses. Additionally, it features 4 KB of EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory) for non-volatile data storage and 8 KB of SRAM (Static Random Access Memory) allowing variables to be stored during program execution.
Input/Output Pins: The ATMega2560 has several general-purpose input/output (I/O) pins that enable flexible connection with external components and devices. It includes a total of 54 digital I/O pins, each of which may be set up as an input or an output separately. 15 of these pins have the additional ability to output PWM (Pulse Width Modulation), enabling fine control of analog devices.
Analog Inputs: The microcontroller has 16 analog input ports that allow analog signals from sensors and other devices to be measured. With a precision of 10 bits, the analog-to-digital converter (ADC) included inside the microcontroller enables precise analog-to-digital conversions.
Communication Interfaces: It is simple to connect to and interact with other devices because to the ATMega2560’s several communication ports. The microcontroller is equipped with four UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver-Transmitter) serial communication ports, which let it exchange data via the serial protocol with other devices. It also features 1 SPI (Serial Peripheral port) and 1 I2C (Inter-Integrated Circuit) port, making a variety of peripheral devices compatible with it.
Power Supply: The microcontroller runs on a 5V supply. For effective operation, it is advised to supply an input voltage between 7 and 12 volts. The proper voltage regulation and protective circuitry can link the power source to the microprocessor.
Package: Thin Quad Flat Pack (TQFP) box with 100 pins is how the ATMega2560 is packaged. This package offers an easy-to-integrate form factor for use in electronic systems and tasks.
ATMega2560 Microcontroller vs other microcontrollers
| Feature | ATMega2560 | STM32F407VG | ESP32 | Arduino Uno |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Microcontroller Family | AVR | ARM Cortex-M4 | Xtensa LX6 | AVR |
| Architecture | 8-bit | 32-bit | 32-bit | 8-bit |
| Clock Speed | 16 MHz | 168 MHz | 240 MHz | 16 MHz |
| Flash Memory | 256 KB | 1 MB | 4 MB | 32 KB |
| SRAM | 8 KB | 192 KB | 520 KB | 2 KB |
| EEPROM | 4 KB | None | None | None |
| Digital I/O Pins | 54 | 82 | 36 | 14 |
| Analog Input Pins | 16 | 12 | 18 | 6 |
| UART | 4 | 6 | 3 | 1 |
| SPI | 1 | 3 | 4 | 1 |
| I2C | 1 | 3 | 2 | 1 |
| ADC Resolution | 10-bit | 12-bit | 12-bit | 10-bit |
| Operating Voltage | 5V | 3.3V | 3.3V | 5V |
| Package | 100-pin TQFP | LQFP64 | QFN48 | DIP28 |
ATMega2560 Microcontroller Applications
- ATMega2560 Microcontroller applications are discussed here
- It used in robots and HID
- Use in signal circuits
- The main part of the embedded system
That is all about the ATMega2560 Microcontroller all details has been explained. If you have any further query ask in the comments. Thanks for reading have a good day
