What are the Types of Integrated Circuit (IC)?

Hello readers, welcome to the new post. Here we will learn What are the types of integrated circuits (ICs)?. Integrated circuits are called microchips and are important in modern electronic projects and devices. They are small-sized devices and come with many transistors, resistors, and other components helping to make complicated operations compactly and effectively.

There are many types of integrated circuits, and every type is made according to certain features and demands of devices. Memory chips of computers and controllers used in vehicles are made with integrated circuits and have different shapes and features. Here we will cover different types of integrated circuits and their  features. So let’s get started.

What is an integrated circuit?

The integrated circuit can be explained as a circuit that has different electrical components connected at a single unit and used for many operations.

The integrated circuits have many groups of electronic components on one flat piece that is made with semiconductor materials. MOSFET is integrated on a small-sized chip.

Integrated circuits are high-speed devices and are effective and less costly.

The use of integrated circuits has reduced the prices of electronic projects and devices. It has made many changes to the design of electronics, from small electronic components to hybrid solid-state devices that are a combination of discrete components with ICs.

Types of Integrated Circuits

integrated circuits have three types:

• Digital Integrated Circuit
• Analog Integrated Circuit
• Mixed Integrated Circuit

Digital Integrated Circuit

Digital ICs have features to handle discrete signals and read data in binary numbers, zero and one. Digital ICs normally come with logic gates, multiplexers, etc. It comes with amplifiers or broad microprocessors.

Analog Integrated Circuit

Analog ICs are made with operational amplifiers, line regulators, phase loops, and active filters. Analog ICs have had an effect on some factors like power gain, power dissipation, resistance, etc.

Mixed Integrated Circuit

The combination of analog ICs and digital ICs is called a mixed circuit. The mixed category of ICs can work in analog-to-digital converters or digital-to-analog conversions.

Classification of ICs

• SSI: Small-Scale Integration
  • This type of IC comes with 3 to 30 gate chips.

• MSI: Medium Scale Integration
  • It has 30 to 300 gates per chip.

• LSI: Large-Scale Integration
  • This ICS has 300 to 3000 gates per chip.

• VLSI: Very Large-Scale Integration
  • It has more than 3000 gates per chip.

General Types of Integrated Circuits

Logic Circuits

Logic gate circuits are types of ICs that are made using logic gates that work with binary output and input. These circuits are used for decision-makers. According to the truth or logic table of logic gates, the connected logic gates in ICs have certain results according to the circuit connected with ICs. This output can be used for other operations.

Comparators

Comparator ICs are best used for comparing inputs. It helps in generating output that is based on IC comparisons.

Switching ICs

We can design switching ICs through the use of transistors. These switching ICs are best for switching functions.

Audio Amplifiers

These ICs are used in the amplification of sound. They are used in television circuits, audio speakers, and more.

CMOS Integrated Circuit

They are used due to a lower threshold voltage and also low power use. The CMOS ICs are N-MOS and P-MOS devices that are made on the same chip. This IC design is a polysilicon gatelps the process to occur at low levels of low voltage. that helps in reducing the threshold voltage of the device. It helps the process to occur at low levels of low voltage.

Voltage Regulator Integrated Circuits (ICs)

The integrated circuits provide DC output that is stable irrespective of all variation that exists in DC input, and the most used regulators are uA723, LM309, 78XX, and LM105 ICs.

Monolithic ICs

It is a discrete component, active and passive, and makes connections between one silicon chip. The word monolithic is derived from two Greek words:mono, meaning one or single, and lithos, meaning stone. The monolithic circuit is made on a single crystal.

These ICs are used very commonly. It is less costly and reliable. Commercially made ICs are used as amplifiers, voltage regulators, and AM receivers, and also in computers.

Their limitations are that insulation exists between components of monolithic ICs that are poor. It has a low power rating, so manufacturing of insulators is not possible.