Introduction to Orifice Plate

Hello, the friend I hope you all are doing great. In this post, we will have a detailed look at the Introduction to Orifice Plate. The orifice plate is used for measuring the flow rate of different fluids and also has features to measure pressure loss. It also has features to measure the volumetric or mass movement rate of fluids. It works based on Bernoulli’s theorem as the venturi flow meter does. According to that theorem there relation between the pressure of the fluid and the speed of the fluid. With the increases in velocity pressure reduces.

Its design is like the shrill plates having hoval, that exists in a tube. So let’s get started with Introduction to Orifice Plate.

Table of Contents

The orifice plate is a device used for measuring flow rates with pressure losses.
It is a metallic disc that comes with a concentric hole and is put in the tube where fluid is moving. That meter has features to cover the 50 percent volume flow rate instruments.
Its one limitation is that its accuracy is about plus-minus two percent and can be near plus-minus five percent.
The value of measured pressure can be about 50 to 90 percent of the pressure difference difference, (P₁− P₂).
It is another limitation is that it has a steady change in discharge constant.
The orifice plate is made according to materials standards of ISO/ISA/AGA/API/ANSI
It is an easy-to-make and low-cost device. It is a plate having a hole of a defined size and cut at a certain point that is connected between flanges in a pipeline.
Velocity increases which results in flow since it flows through holes in the plate that cause pressure losses over the plate. The fluid flow continues to contract after flowing through that limitation until less dia called vena contract is get

What is Orifice

An orifice is a small size hole or opening that carries fluid. In industries engineering term is orifice is a specifically made opening or hole for a specific work such as flow rate or gas in the pipeline.
Orifices are used for different devices and configurations like pumps, valves, and flow meters. The size shape and point of the orifice have with effect on working and efficiency

What is Flow Orifice

A flow orifice is a certain type that is made for measuring the flow rate of gas in the pipeline. It comes with a proper size and hole-like shape. It is connected at 90 degrees in the flow direction in the pipeline. Since fluid or gas passes through the orifice produces a pressure differential for the upstream and downstream sides of the plate that can be measured and used for the measurement of flow rate.
It is also used for measuring the correct flow and process control such as gas and oil generation.
The design and orifice size also pressure and temperature of gas or liquid are measured for proper flow calculation..

What is restriction orifice?

It is a type of orifice used for producing pressure losses in gas or fluid pipelines. It comes with the correct shape and hole size like a circle. It is connected at 90 degrees in the direction of flow. The size of the restriction orifice is selected properly for correct pressure losses that are used for flow rate control and to protect downstream devices.
Restriction orifices are used for industries where accurate pressure control is required such as water treatment, oil, and gas.
It is used with a combination of valves and pumps for fluid flow regulation and protection from any damage due to downstream.

Orifice Plate Working Principle:

If the fluid for which the flow rate is measured passes through the orifice meter there are pressure losses between the inner and outer parts of the Orifice plate.
it helps to measure variation in pressure with a pressure-measuring device like an anemometer.
Pressure difference has a directly proportional relation with flow rate according to Bernoulli’s Equation so pressure difference measurement instruments can be defined to show the rate of flow than displaying differential pressure.
The operational standard of the Orifice Meter is similar, like that of the Venturi meter.

Construction of Orifice plate

The main parts of the orifice plate are described below let’s discuss them one by one.
Inlet Section
Orifice Plate
Outlet Section

Types of Orifice Plate

Shape & Size of Orifice meter:

Orifice meters come in different configurations based on design requirements. The size, dimensions, and position of holes on the plate define the features of meters
Concentric Orifice Plate
Eccentric Orifice Plate
Segment Orifice Plate
Quadrant Edge Orifice Plate
Let’s discuss them one by one.

Concentric Orifice Plate

It comes with dimensions of 3.175 to 12.70 mm. The plate width at the orifice not be higher than these values.
D/50, here D is The tube’s inner diameter.
d/8 here d is the orifice wiseacre diameter
(D-d)/8

Eccentric Orifice Plate

It is like a concentric orifice plate than the counterbalance hole that has a certain angle with the sphere. It is configured with liquid that comes with solids components, oily water, and drizzly steam.

Segment Orifice Plate

It comes with a hole that is semi-circle. The diameter is 98 percent of the diameter of the tube.

Quadrant Edge Orifice Plate

It is used for measuring unpolished oil, and high viscous causes. It is used when line Reynolds Statistics from 100,000 or above or in between 3,000 to 5,000 with a correctness constant of 0.5 percent.

Specifications of Orifice Meter:

Its line dimensions are 6 mm to 800 mm.
its accuracy is plus-minus 0.5 percent to plus-minus 3.0 percent.
Its Working Temperature is Up to 800C
Its Working Pressure is Up to 400 bar.

Applications of Orifice Meter:

It can be used for Natural Gases.
We can use it in different Water Purification Plants.
It can be used in such plants where oil is filtered.
It can also use in Petrochemicals and Factories.

Advantages of Orifice Meter:

UIt has low prices as compared to other flow measurement instruments.
It uses less space for working since it is best where less space is needed to operate.
It provides good working features.
It is connected horizontally, vertically, and tapper position