Hello, readers welcome to the new post. Here we will learn Types of faults and Effects in Electrical Power Systems. In an electrical power system, there are different types of devices such as motors generators, and protective components are installed and they faced different faults. Due to the occurrence of a fault, there is a change in the impedance value of the circuit and the restored removal of a fault.
Different types of faults exist in the power system. In this post, we will discuss their effect types and removal process in detail. So let get started.
Types of faults and Effects in Electrical Power Systems
- There are two main types of faults in a power system first one is active and the second one is passive.
What is Active Fault
- Active faults occur between two phases or conductor and conductors and earth wires.
- There are two main types of active fault. The first one is solid and the second one is an incipient fault.
Solid Faults
- Breakdown and damaging of the insulation material on the conductors results in the solid fault
- Such fault occurs in cables lying underground and face the pressure of the heavy machine and result in an explosion.
- This category of fault should remove soon its results can cause different facts here discussed.
- High damages will occur where fault exists and a high loss of power.
- The persons working at that location will face difficulty operating the system
- Due to this fault, there will be the generation of methane that serious problem
- Earth fault can damage the good working conductors.
Incipient Fault
- This category of fault starts slowly and increases with a high level of damage.
- such as there is incipient faults that exist due to a small level of discharge can result in a high level of the fault then become a solid fault.
What is Passive Faults
- These types of faults are not considered as practical faults has some examples
- Overloading results in damaging the insulation due to overheating.
- Overvoltage: Causes stress on the insulation and results in damage.
- Under frequency: It disturbs the operation of the system
- Power swing: Generators installed in the system do not operate accurately
Faults in Three-Phase Power System
- In world, the power is delivered through use of a three-phase system from generation to customers end.
- Faults existing in the three-phase system can be seen here.
- In case of faults between two conductors, the current value will be large since to restrict the value of fault current impedance in series combination is used in power system
- Value of series impedance such that not affect the system and causes the power losses to disturb the highest value of power transfer
- Neutral earth connection will define the magnitude value of fault current.
Transient and permanent faults
- These types of faults do not disturb the insulation completely and permit the circuit to restore after some time interval
- Insulator flashover caused due to lighting strike that will be removed when circuit breaker open.
- These faults affect the device installed in an open system where air works as an insulating medium
- While permanent faults occur when insulation damages completely
- A device having these faults has to change or repair
Symmetrical and asymmetrical faults
- Symmetrical fault called balanced fault having sine shape signal and exist in steady-state
- Asymmetricalfault has dc offset not sine signal.
That is all about the Types of faults and Effects in Electrical Power Systems. I have explained faults existing in the system. If you have any further query ask in the comments. Thanks for reading have a nice day see you in the next post.