The Engineering Knowledge - Page 2 of 193 - Knowledge For All Engineers

How to Measure ESD Work Surface Resistance: A Practical Guide for Electronics Manufacturing

Electronic TutorialBy Henry August 10, 2026 Leave a comment

Electrostatic discharge control at electronics workstations is based on comparing it to putting an ESD mat on a workbench. Work should come with a controlled electrical path that provides charge dissipation while maintaining an effective connection with the grounding system. In electronics projects, PCB assemblies, repairing systems, and electrostatic protected areas (EPAs), resistance testing is…

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O Ring Size Chart: Tolerances & Measuring Guide

Electronic TutorialBy Henry August 2, 2026 Leave a comment

O-rings are commonly used as sealing components in various industries, including medical and automotive. It comes with simple design configurations, that is, a circular ring having a cross-section, for controlling leakage of gases and liquids. For proper sealing, use an accurate O-ring size. In this tutorial, we will cover detailed features for the O-ring and…

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Oxygen Tank Size Chart: Complete Guide to Oxygen Cylinder Sizes, Capacity, Dimensions & Duration

Electronic TutorialBy Henry July 26, 2026 Leave a comment

The use of a proper oxygen tank is important for proper, uninterrupted oxygen therapy and also for industrial uses. Oxygen cylinders have different size options, like small portable tanks that easily fit in a carrying bag and larger static cylinders that are commonly used in the welding industry, hospitals, and for manufacturing purposes. Each cylinder…

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Ceiling Fan Size Chart: Choose the Right Fan

Electronic TutorialBy Henry July 25, 2026 Leave a comment

We commonly use ceiling fans as electrical devices in our homes, schools, and buildings. The selection of a fan is important based on the size requirement of the room where the fan needs to be installed. This post will cover details about ceiling fan sizes and help you learn which is best for your home.…

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What Are Crimping Tools, Working, Application, Uses & Types

Electronic TutorialBy Henry July 24, 2026 Leave a comment

There are different tools we use for making cables. But the most important factor is wire crimping, which is done with a special crimping tool. Crimping is a method used for manual wire adjustment that deforms the wire to make a strong connection that helps it fit in a certain space. In this tutorial, we…

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Industrial Communication Protocols Explained: Choosing the Right PLC Network

PLCBy Henry July 23, 2026 Leave a comment

Why PLC Communication Matters More Than Ever A programmable logic controller applies control logic in about 2 milliseconds, whose processing speed is slower if the controller does not communicate with the rest of the automation cell. Consider a high-speed bottling line where the PLC transmits a stop signal to the conveyor drive, but the signal…

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Why PLC Input and Output Modules Matter More Than Many Engineers Think

Electronic TutorialBy Henry July 23, 2026 Leave a comment

PLCs Can Only Control What They Can Sense and Command In industrial automation, a PLC is an important feature as the brain of the automated system. that runs scanning cycles, processes control algorithms, and applies ladder logic at microsecond speeds. also a common capable processor completely separated from the physical factor floor without an intermediary bridge.…

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Component Lead Forming for Through-Hole Assembly: How to Bend Leads Without Damaging Them

Electronic Tutorial, Printed Circuit BoardBy Henry July 23, 2026 Leave a comment

IPC-A-610 helps for nicking in the component lead about 1 percent of the diameter. for a 0.6 mm resistor lead that is 0.06 mm, which is thin compared to human hair and sharp compared to point- a serrated jaw leaves. That single figure shows faults set for people to blame on soldering: a joint that…

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R454B Pressure Temperature Chart

Electronic TutorialBy Henry July 22, 2026 Leave a comment

R454b is a low global warming potential HFC/HFO zeotropic blend used for the replacement of R-410A. In this post, we will cover details and features of the R454B pressure-temperature chart and its related features. So let’s get started. What is R-454B Refrigerant? R454 B is an HVAC refrigerant that comes with a 68.9% R-32 (difluoromethane)…

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R-404A Temperature Pressure Chart

Electronic TutorialBy Henry July 22, 2026 Leave a comment

A refrigerant temperature-pressure chart serves as a simple tool for obtaining the necessary values. It is also called a PT chart or PT card. The PT chart comes with a pressure value and its relevant boiling point. A refrigerant with these conditions is called saturated. Saturated refrigerants are 100 percent vapor or liquid mixture with…

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