Hello fellows, I hope you all are doing great. In today’s tutorial, we will have a look at Difference Between Leading and Lagging Power Factor. In AC power system the 2 most important parameters which are related to the power factor are lagging and leading power factors. the leading power factor current leads the voltage. While for lagging power factor current lags the applied voltage. The circuit that has to lead and lagging power factor depends on the load connected.
Before discussing lagging and leading power factors we must know about power factors. It is a very important parameter of an electrical power system. It is a dimensionless quantity It is an explanation of energy. Its value lies in form of a percentage if the percentage is less P.F. is less. Its is the ratio of operating power to apparent power. Apparent power is called power demand for load. It is multiple of volts and ampere its units is KVA
In the case of direct current circuitry, we can get the power of any circuitry through the multiple of voltmeter and ammeter readings. .It exists in both single and 3-phase circuits.But for ac circuitry products of these two parameters give only apparent power not the actual power It has no dimensions. Its value lies between plus minus and positive minus Hence in ac circuitry, the net power given to circuitry which is apparent power is not only used through the circuitry. The power used by the circuit is called actual power in simple words power factor is the cosine of phase difference among voltage current. Its formula is power factor = actual power/Apparent power. In today’s post, we will have a detailed look at the comparison between lagging and leading power factor and find their differences. So let’s get started with the Difference Between Leading and Lagging Power Factors.
Difference Between Leading and Lagging Power Factor
Leading Power Factor
- For this power factor current flowing through the load leads the voltage given to the load.
- Leading power factors is exits for the capacitive load connected with the circuitry.
- If the leading power factor is to be corrected of the system then the inductive load in the system.
- The value of the leading power factor lies between -1 to zero.
- Its reactive component is negative.
- The load that has leading power factors are capacitive load
motors, capacitor, and radio circuitry.
Lagging Power Factor
- In lagging power factor load current lags the applied voltage.
- The inductive load connected with the circuitry has a lagging power factor.
- Examples of lagging power factors are inductive loads like an induction motor, generators, relays, etc.
- The correction of lagging power can be done with the use of capacitive load.
- Its value is between zero and one.
- Its reactive element is positive.
Lagging Power Factor Vs Leading Power Factor
- If the circuit has a such load that the load current lags the voltage then that load will have a lagging power factor and if the load current is leading the volts then that system will have a leading power factor
- Inductive loads like solenoids and induction motors have a lagging power factor and capacitive loads have a leading power factor
- -1 to 0 is the value of the lagging power factor and the leading power factor has 0 to 1
- For the leading power factor phase angle of the current is positive then voltage and for lagging, the power factor phase angle is negative w.r.t to the phase angle of volts
- Leading power factors have positive reactive elements and lagging power factors have negative
- In the case of leading power factors loads absorbed leading reactive power or provided the lagging reactive power and for the lagging power factor loads absorbed the lagging reactive power
- To improve the lagging power factor capacitive load connected to the circuit and for improvement of leading power factor inductive load like induction motor connected
- Examples of lagging factor loads are inductors, induction motors, and relay transformers, and leading power factor loads are synchronous motors, capacitors, etc
Difference Between Leading and Lagging Power Factor
Lagging Power Factor
- If the load current lags voltage then the power factor of the load is lagging power factor.
- inductive loads like induction motors, etc.
- The power factor value is between -1 and 0.
- For lagging load, lagging reactive power is absorbed and provides leading reactive power.
- the phase angle of current is negative according to the phase angle of voltage.
- A poor lagging power factor can increase with capacitive load in the circuit
- reactive component is negative.
- Examples are inductive loads like inductors, transformers, electromagnetic relays, induction motors, etc.
Leading Power Factor
- If load current leads voltage then it is called the leading power factor.
- Type of loads are the capacitive loads
- A poor leading power factor can improve with inductive load in the circuit.
- Power factor is between 0 and 1.
- For the leading power factor, the phase angle of current is positive for the phase angle of voltage.
- delivers lagging reactive power
- Examples are capacitive loads like overexcited synchronous motors, capacitors, radio circuits, etc.
Benefits of improving power factor:
- Increase in the efficiency of systems
- Low Voltage losses
- Line Losses reduces
- Accurate Size of Electrical Machines
- Reduction in size of a conductor and minimize copper losses
- Increase in available power.
Read also:
- Transformerless 6V DC Power Supply
- Power Supply Filters and Regulators
- Difference between RASPBERRY PI PICO and ESP32 C3
- Difference between LM741 and LM358
Faqs
- The complete phase of a wave can be defined as 2π radians or 360 degrees. The leading phase defines waveform is leading another wave of the same frequency and lagging phase, the wave is behind another wave of the same frequency
- Alternator KVA rating based on a lagging power factor of 0.8. In this condition, the current lag voltage with the amount that resulted in real power provided less than the KVA level with a factor of 0.8 times.
- When the current lags the voltage, then the power factor of the circuit is called the lagging power factor. Power factor lags when the circuit is indutive and loads like coils motors, and lamps are inductive and come with lagging pf
- Load with a power factor of 0.9 lagging denotes that load can expend 90 percent of apparent power provided and power accurate for doing useful work. The lagging power factor defines that current lags voltage by 25.84°.
- When the load curent lag supply voltage, then the load, is a lagging power factor. Mostly load on the grid comes with power to lag and distribution feeders operate 0.80 and 0.95 PF lagging.
- The power factor is defined as the current signal is in phase with voltage or lagging when the current waveform is behind the voltage. The lagging power factor defines load is inductive and load will use reactive power.
- To improve power factor use power factor correction capacitors in the plant distribution system. When apparent power is higher than working power, a utility must provide excess reactive current with working current.. Power capacitors work as reactive current generators
