Hello, readers welcome to the new post. Here we will discuss the Difference Between Capacitor and inductors. There are two commonly used devices in the electrical system inductor and capacitor. The capacitor is used for opposing of volts and the inductor is used for current change opposition. Capacitors store energy in the electrical field and the inductor stores energy in the form of a magnetic field. Capacitors inductors are considered the main parts of electrical power systems.
Here we will cover different parameters to know about the differences between these two devices. So let’s get started with capacitor vs inductor.
Difference Between Capacitor and Inductor
What is Capacitor
- The capacitor is a passive component that comes with two pins and stores energy in the form of an electrical field.
- The capacitor effect is called capacitance. There is some value of capacitance that exists in the conductors in circuitry but the addition of capacitors enhances the capacitance.
- Capacitors are also called condensers and condensators.
- There are different types of capacitors on the basis of shapes and structures.
- Most capacitors consist of two pins that are metallic plates and have dielectric material for separation.
- The capacitor can be foil thin sheet and electrolyte. The use of nonconducting dielectric material work as to enhances the charging capacity of the capacitor.
- The material used for dielectrics is glass, ceramic paper, mica, and air.
- Capacitors are used in different devices as electrical circuits.
- If volts are given to the capacitor terminals through a battery electrical field is created about the dielectric that results in positive charges on one electrode and negative charges on the other electrode.
- There are no current flows in the dielectric material. But the flow of charges through the source circuit.
- The energy stored in the capacitor is 1/2 CV2.
- It is an insulator for dc current means dc can not pass through it
- Current leads volts by 90 degrees in the case of ac circuits
- For dc circuits, the capacitor connects in series combination with resistance current at the start large then goes to 0
- The unit of the capacitor is Farad
- Commonly used types of capacitors are Electrolyte, and ceramic.
- It works as a short circuit for ac circuits means ac passes through it and blocks dc
What is INductor
- The inductor is an electrical device used for energy storage in the form of a magnetic field and is also named a coil choke and reactor.
- In inductors there is wire with insulation is wounded in a coil shape
- If current passing in the windings varies time changing magnetic files produce and EMF in the conductor according to Faraday Law
- According to Lenz Law, the voltage induced has a direction opposite the current change which produced that emf
- That causes the inductors to oppose the change in current in the inductor.
- Inductors is used on the basis of inductance value which is the ratio of volts and the current rate of change. The unit of inductance is Henry H.
- That is equal to Weber/ampers. The value of the inductor is 1mocroHerny to twenty Herny.
- In different inductors magnetic core created with iron or ferrite in the coil is used that used to enhance the magnetic file and also inductance
- With capacitors and resistances inductor is a passive circuit device. It is commonly used in AC devices mostly in radio.
- It is used for AC blocking and allows the flow of dc. Inductor called choke that used for ac block and dc flow.
- Used in electronic filters for the separation of signals on the basis of frequency values.
- It is used with a capacitor to make tune circuits employed in radio and TV receivers
- Energy stored in the magnetic field is 1/2LI2
- Its unit is Herny.
Inductors vs Inductance
| Inductors | Inductance |
|---|---|
| It is a passive electronic component that stores energy in the form of an electrical field when a current pass through a conductor | It is a property if electrical circuitry that defines the ability of the circuit to store energy in a magnetic field when current passes through a conductor |
| It comprises of wire coil which can be wounded about the core created with magnetic materials | It measuring unit is Henries (H). |
| Different physical parameters like number of turns, wire dia, and other core materials used for measuring the inductance of the inductor | Its value depends on the geometry and composition of the circuit. |
| Each design of the inductor comes with certain inductance, given in Henries. | It is used for designing of circuits that filter, block, and store energy |
| Since it stores energy in the form of a magnetic field for small time intervals but current flow continues through it | It finds how much energy can be stored in an inductor in form of a magnetic field |
Capacitor vs Inductor
- Here inductor vs capacitor details are explained.
| Capacitors | Inductors |
|---|---|
| It is a passive component that stores energy in the form of an electrical field when the supply is connected across its components. | It is also a passive component that stores energy in form of a magnetic field if the current flows through the wounded wire |
| It comprises of two conductive plates that are parted with insulation called dielectric | It consists of a coil of wire which can be wound about the core created with magnetic material. |
| It stores energy for small time intervals but current flows through it continuously | It stores energy for a longer duration and sustains a continuous flow of current |
| It shows resistance for voltage change but changes in current can be done to flow current. It can operate as a filter to remove voltage fluctuations | it has resistance to change in current but accepts changes in voltage across it. It works as a filter for the removal of current fluctuations |
| The energy stored is directly proportional to the voltage about it and the capacitance of the capacitor | The quantity of energy stored is proportional to the current flowing through inductors and its inductance |
| It is used in circuits to store energy, as a filter, and timing | It is used in circuits to store energy stored and tuning |
Characteristics of Capacitor and Inductor
| Capacitors | Inductors |
|---|---|
| It stores energy in form of an electrical field when voltage is provided it | It stores energy in form of a magnetic field when current passes through the wounded wire |
| Its structure consists of two plates of opposite charges, insulated materials that are called dielectric. | it consists of a wire that can be wounded about the core of magnetic material |
| The measure of the capacity of charge storing is called Capacitance and is measured in Farads | The ability of inductors to store magnetic field is called inductance and the measuring unit is Henrys |
| Capacitors are polarized or nonpolarized which means that they can have positive and negative polarities | Inductors are iron core, air-core on the bases of the material used |
| RIt shows resistance for change in voltage and allows changes in current flow through it | It has resistance against the current but allows to change in voltage |
| It works as a filter, smoothing the fluctuations in voltage. | It operates as a filter smooth the fluctuations of current |
| Used for filtering, energy stores, and in timings circuits | Used for filtering tuning and energy stores |
Types of Capacitors
| Types of Capacitors | Description | Applications |
|---|---|---|
| Ceramic capacitors | It is created with ceramic material having electrodes and comes with different sizes and capacitance values | It is used in electronic circuits for decoupling and high-frequency operating |
| Electrolytic capacitors | It provides a high value of capacitance than ceramic capacitors and consists of a metal and metal oxide layer | It is used in power supplies to remove the voltage fluctuations |
| Film capacitors | It is created with a thin plastic layer and metal electrodes come in different categories such as polycarbonate, polyester | It is employed in high temperatures and high volts applications |
| Tantalum capacitors | It is created with tantalum metal and an oxide layer and comes in surface-mount and through-hole types | it applications are high capacitance required projects like a computer motherboard |
Read Also: Different Types of Capacitors and Uses
Types of Inductors
| types of Inductors | Description | Applications |
|---|---|---|
| Air-core inductors | It has a wounded coil about the non-magnetic core and comes in different inductances values | It is used in RF circuits and high-speed circuits |
| Iron-core inductors | It comes with a wire wound on a ferromagnetic core of iron and has different inductances values | It is employed in power supply, motors, and transformers |
| Ferrite-core inductors | It is created with wire wound around a ferromagnetic core created of ferrite material, | It is part of RF circuits and used in power supply since provides magnetic permeability |
What Does an Inductor do?
Inductors perform energy storage in form of a magnetic field when current flows through it. It shows resistance to current but accepts changes in voltage applied to it. They are a common part of filer circuits and energy storage. It is a current control device.
What are inductors used for?
Inductors used in different applications lie transformers, generators, motors, and power supplies. They are also part of different electronic circuits such as filters, resonant circuits, and oscillators.. Inductors can be used to smooth out voltage and current fluctuations, and they are an important component in many electronic devices.
What are the uses of Inductors and Capacitors?
Inductors and capacitors are commonly used in circuits, Capacitors store energy in form of an electrical field, and inductors in form of a magnetic field. Inductors and capacitors can be used together to make filters, oscillators, and resonant circuits. They are also part of power supply circuits and amplifiers.
What is the advantage of an inductor over a capacitor?
These two devices provide different advantages and disadvantages on the base of applications. Inductors are the best option for filtering high-frequency signals and capacitors are the best option for filtering low-frequency signals. Inductors are best for energy stored in magnetic fields and capacitors are best for electrical fields.
That is all about the capacitor vs inductor all explanations have been explained. If you have any further queries ask in the comments. Thanks for reading have a good day see you in the next post.
